What could lead to reinforced thermal cracking in asphalt?

Rapid temperature changes can lead to reinforced thermal cracking in asphalt due to the nature of asphalt materials. Asphalt is sensitive to temperature fluctuations; it expands when heated and contracts when cooled. When there is a rapid change in temperature, the internal stresses within the asphalt can exceed the material's tensile strength. As the surface cools quickly while the underlying layers remain warm, this imbalance causes cracks to form in the material.

Thermal cracking is particularly problematic in colder climates or during transitional seasons when temperatures can swing dramatically in a short time. Ensuring that asphalt is mixed and applied at appropriate temperatures, and controlling for rapid environmental changes, is crucial in reducing the risk of such cracking. It is important to note that while the other options may contribute to road surface issues, they do not specifically lead to reinforced thermal cracking as directly as rapid temperature changes do.